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- Vol 4 RE: Chapters 5, 14, 19, App B, App C
human agencyintentionalityforethoughtself-regulationself-reflectioncollective agencysocial cognitive theoryJournal article Evidence summaryAt a glance
Bandura presents an agentic account in which people help shape their circumstances rather than merely react to environmental forces.
Key ideas
Human agency rests on intentionality, forethought, self-reactiveness, and self-reflectiveness: people form plans, anticipate consequences, regulate action, and examine their own functioning. Agency can be exercised personally, by proxy through others, or collectively through coordinated effort. Social cognitive theory avoids treating agency and social structure as opposites; people create social systems that subsequently enable and constrain action. The article also places agency within biological, cultural, and technological coevolution.
Why it matters
For educators, the account supports learning environments in which students set meaningful goals, select and monitor strategies, reflect on consequences, and experience collective efficacy, while recognising that agency always operates through opportunities and constraints in the surrounding system.
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Edition abbreviations
- TE
- Teacher Edition
- PE
- Practice Edition
- RE
- Research Edition
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