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Boekaerts integrates three traditions that shaped research on self-regulated learning: learning styles and cognitive processing, metacognition and regulation of learning, and theories of goals, motivation, and the self.
Her three-layer model distinguishes regulation of processing modes at the inner layer, regulation of the learning process at the middle layer, and regulation of the self at the outer layer. Learners select cognitive strategies, plan and monitor activity, and decide whether a task serves valued goals or threatens well-being. These layers interact, so knowing a strategy does not guarantee its use when motivation, emotion, or competing goals redirect effort.
For educators, the model supports teaching strategies and metacognitive control while also attending to appraisal, confidence, interest, and classroom conditions that influence whether students enter a growth-oriented learning pathway or protect the self by withdrawing.
This multidisciplinary handbook surveys theories, methods, and applications of self-regulation across educational, developmental, personality, clinical, health, and organisational psychology.
Chapters address goal setting, motivation, attention, emotion, metacognition, volition, social and environmental influences, individual differences, development, measurement, and interventions. The collection shows that self-regulation is not a single skill or stable trait: it involves interacting systems that generate standards, monitor progress, manage thoughts and feelings, select action, and respond to feedback. It also examines failures of regulation and the conditions under which control can be learned or supported.
For educators, the handbook provides conceptual tools for distinguishing cognitive strategy knowledge from motivation and implementation, selecting measures that match a theory, and designing support for goals, monitoring, strategy adaptation, emotional regulation, and persistence rather than expecting learners to regulate independently without instruction or context.
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