Where it is used
Each entry identifies the volume, edition, chapter or appendix in which the work appears.
The evidence behind the series
Follow the research.
Explore every source.
Browse the scientific research and professional literature used across all seven volumes of The Science of Learning for Educators.
7book volumes
8author ranges
1searchable library
Search the collection
Find a paper, author or idea.
Choose an author range, search a title or concept, or narrow the collection by source type. Open any result to see where it appears in the books, read its evidence summary and follow available source links.
1 reference
-
- Vol 7 RE: Chapter 6
community of inquiryteaching presencesocial presencecognitive presenceonline discussioncritical thinkingdiscourse facilitationinquiry progressionJournal article Evidence summaryAt a glance
Castellanos-Reyes reviews two decades of the Community of Inquiry framework for online and blended learning.
Key ideas
The framework proposes that meaningful educational experience emerges through the interaction of teaching presence, social presence, and cognitive presence. Early research developed indicators and used content analysis to examine online discussion; later work produced and validated a survey instrument, expanded applications, and debated conceptual overlap, measurement, and the influence of course design. Teaching presence includes design, facilitation, and direction; social presence supports authentic participation and group cohesion; cognitive presence describes movement from triggering questions through exploration and integration toward resolution.
Why it matters
For educators, the retrospective recommends using the framework as a design and reflection tool rather than a formula: establish purposeful inquiry, create conditions for trust and communication, guide discourse toward integration, and examine whether activities actually support sustained critical thinking.
A transparent research trail
More than a bibliography.
What it contributes
Evidence summaries explain the central idea and why the source matters to educators.
How to access it
Entries link to lawful full text where available, or to a publisher, library or purchase page.
Edition abbreviations
- TE
- Teacher Edition
- PE
- Practice Edition
- RE
- Research Edition
Citation checks
References are checked against publisher records, scholarly indexes, DOI or ISBN metadata, repositories and author records where available. An entry marked [Citation not verified] preserves the wording found in the relevant volume without attributing findings to an unconfirmed work.
From sources to a coherent pathway