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Hargreaves and Fullan frame high-quality teaching as professional capital built from three interacting resources. Human capital is the knowledge, skill, judgement, and capability of individual teachers.
Social capital lies in relationships through which educators exchange expertise, challenge practice, and improve decisions. Decisional capital is the professional judgement developed through experience, reflection, evidence, and responsibility in complex situations. Investing only in talented individuals is insufficient when organisational conditions isolate them; collaboration without expertise or disciplined judgement can also reproduce weak practice. Systems should therefore recruit well, provide strong preparation and induction, create purposeful collaborative cultures, retain and develop teachers over time, and involve the profession in improvement. The authors contrast this investment strategy with a business-capital approach based on short training, scripts, surveillance, competition, and rapid turnover.
Professional capital is not protection from evidence or accountability. It combines collective responsibility, capable judgement, and continuous learning so educators can respond intelligently to varied learners rather than merely comply with externally packaged solutions.
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