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The evidence behind the series
Browse the scientific research and professional literature used across all seven volumes of The Science of Learning for Educators.
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1 reference
This longitudinal study examines Finnish students’ digital fluency before and during the COVID-19 shift to distance and hybrid learning. Two Helsinki cohorts were followed from grades 5 to 6 and grades 7 to 8, with analyzed samples of 947 and 771 students.
The Sociodigital Practices Inventory measured perceived school practices, academic, artistic, and technical digital competences, and a sociodigital mindset combining digital efficacy with engagement. Changes were mixed rather than uniformly positive: primary pupils reported more basic school practices, while middle-school students perceived fewer advanced practices. Self-rated academic competences increased for girls and boys, whereas artistic and technical competences declined. Primary-school boys’ mindset strengthened, but middle-school girls’ mindset weakened. Latent-profile analysis identified Inexperienced, Enthusiastic, Humble, and Driven groups, demonstrating that skill and willingness do not always coincide.
The authors argue that access and frequent technology use are insufficient proxies for digital fluency. Schools need structured opportunities for creative, academic, collaborative, and technically challenging work, along with support for confidence and engagement tailored to differing student profiles.
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References are checked against publisher records, scholarly indexes, DOI or ISBN metadata, repositories and author records where available. An entry marked [Citation not verified] preserves the wording found in the relevant volume without attributing findings to an unconfirmed work.
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