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- Vol 3 RE: Chapter 12, App D
- Vol 3 TE: App C
class councilsdemocratic participationstudent voicecollective decision-makingcivic competenceclassroom democracyGuide Evidence summaryAt a glance
This Finnish guide presents the class council (luokkavaltuusto) as a recurring structure for democratic participation in comprehensive school. Teacher and pupils meet—typically every week—to review classroom life, propose issues, deliberate, make shared decisions, allocate responsibilities, and follow up previous actions.
Key ideas
The guide describes preparation, roles, agendas, minutes, initiative forms, decision methods, evaluation, and exercises for interaction and cooperation. Participation is treated as a competence developed through regular practice, not a one-off consultation or an activity reserved for elected student representatives. The model aims to give every pupil opportunities to speak, listen, negotiate, influence common matters, and experience the consequences of collective decisions. It is aligned with Finnish curriculum goals for participation, transversal competence, and school community.
Why it matters
For implementation, the teacher retains responsibility for safety and lawful boundaries while gradually supporting pupils to manage procedures and dialogue. The accompanying reusable forms and role cards help turn democratic intentions into a sustainable classroom routine.
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Edition abbreviations
- TE
- Teacher Edition
- PE
- Practice Edition
- RE
- Research Edition
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